Hjärt bypass operation
Operationen tar mellan två till fyra timmar och kräver att man öppnar bröstkorgen för att komma åt hjärtat. Heart bypass surgery, or coronary artery bypass graft CABG surgery, is done when coronary arteries, which supply your heart with oxygenated blood, become blocked or damaged. This surgery may be recommended for those with obstructive coronary artery disease CAD , which means that plaque has built up in the arteries to the point that it is blocking the supply of blood to the heart.
This blockage is usually the result of an accumulation of inflammatory cells and fatty material composed of cholesterol, calcium, and fibrin called plaque. A heart bypass procedure involves attaching grafting a blood vessel taken from elsewhere in the body to the diseased coronary artery. This results in a redirection of the blood flow around the blockage.
Heart Bypass Surgery: Overview
When a person has a double or triple bypass surgery, it means that two or three arterial blockages are rerouted. Heart bypass surgery is done as an inpatient procedure. It's often a planned procedure, but in some instances, an emergency heart bypass procedure is performed after a person has a heart attack. Heart bypass surgery may sometimes be performed on infants and children, but not for the same reason adults have the procedure done.
Rather, infants and children would be more likely to need heart bypass surgery because of congenital present at birth heart disease. The steps involved in a traditional open method of heart bypass surgery include:. The duration of the surgery is about four to six hours. There are several variations of the surgical technique that differ from an open CABG procedure, these include:.
An off-pump coronary artery bypass does not employ the cardiopulmonary bypass pump CPB. The operation is done while the heart is beating. It is performed while the heart is still beating so the heart-lung bypass machine is not required.
This procedure has several advantage such as a quicker recovery time, fewer side effects, and a decrease in the need for blood transfusions. This system enables the surgeon better control and precision than traditional surgical methods. This procedure, however, has not been broadly adopted by the cardiothoracic surgical community, and there is no randomized trial evidence documenting any superiority over the standard coronary artery bypass graft CABG procedure.
While the operative time is longer, recovery time may be shorter than the traditional CABG procedure. A very small camera, attached to the robotic arms, provides a three-dimensional view of the operating space inside the thorax chest. The advantages of robotic surgery include:. Hybrid Technique Bypass plus stenting. A hybrid technique may be recommended for those with multiple blockages, or in people who do not qualify to have all blockages repaired via minimally invasive surgery.
The combined procedure involves very small incisions and guide catheters used to insert a stent a small mesh tube which helps to enlarge part of the artery to improve blood flow. This approach offers the advantage of having two procedures the coronary bypass surgery and the stenting technique in one operation. Other advantages of the hybrid technique include:.
Heart Bypass Surgery: Recovery Time and Life Expectancy
Each type of procedure has its own complexities, benefits, risks, prerequisites, and contraindications. Be sure to speak to your surgeon about which procedure is right for you. Even if these don't apply to you, bypass surgery will only be considered after weighing the risks and benefits in your case. This is a major procedure. Your prognosis, age, and any comorbidities, among other things, will all factor into your healthcare provider's recommendation.
Note, although age is not considered a contraindication for having heart bypass surgery, it does pose an increased risk for complications. A study found that those who were 80 to 89 years old were more likely to develop heart, liver and respiratory complications, and they had a higher mortality death rate associated with heart bypass surgery. There are many important benefits to having heart bypass surgery, these include:.
There are many serious risks associated with heart bypass surgery; these include the risk of:. There has been a dramatic reduction in the incidence of serious complications associated with a heart bypass surgeries. But, in spite of this good news, it's still important to discuss the risks and benefits of heart bypass surgery with your healthcare provider. The primary purpose of heart bypass surgery is to ensure adequate blood flow and oxygenation to the heart muscle, for those who have coronary artery disease, associated with:.
There are many things to do when preparing for heart bypass surgery, such as:. On the day of your surgery, you will go to the hospital and check in before your procedure, you will also:. Although everyone recovers from heart bypass surgery differently, there are some general rules of thumb. You should be able to:.